8th+Grade

Eighth Grade Unit 1

**Unit 1 ** __ominous __ – **adjective:** threatening; foreboding, menacing //omen// (L) = foreboding; from “The Elevator” p31

related words: omen, ominously, abominable (RL) Templeton writes the words vertically, aligning the common letters. This is a good way for students to actually "see" the common root and in cases where the spelling is impacted, the visual is even stronger. The related words listed are words that come from the same root and prove to student that in learning one word part, they have learned multiple words. See the example below (Wikispaces wants to flush all my margins left, but line it up on the board/screen so that the common letters are aligned) omen **om**i**n**ously ab**om**i**n**able __apprehensive __ – **adjective:** anxious; worried about future events “//ad//-” = “to” + //prehendere// (L) = “to seize with the mind;” “ fearful of what is to come” from “The Elevator” This is the same root that produced apprehend (and later arrest), apprise, comprehend, predator, and even apprentice. Ask students if they can link the word "caught" to any of these. (Can we say that an apprentice is a captive learner???) __condemned __ – **adjective:** unfit for use (building); found guilty (person) //condemnare// (L) = "to sentence, doom, blame, disapprove," from //com-//, intensive prefix + //damnare// "to harm, damage" “The Elevator” __tenement __ – **noun:** a building divided into living quarters for numerous families, usually in poorer sections of a town //tenere //(L) = “to hold” “The Treasure of Lemon Brown” p176

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 2 ** __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ecology __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **noun:** the study of the relationship between organisms and their environments <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">(German) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> //Okologie,// <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> from Gk. //Oikos// = "house, dwelling place” + //-logia// "study of."  <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“The Spider Man Behind Spider Man” p890  __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">philosophy __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **noun:** the love and pursuit of knowledge based on logical reasoning; a system of beliefs or values by which one lives  <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(Greek) //philo-// = “loving” + //sophia// = “knowledge, wisdom” “The Spider Man…” __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">frigid __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">– **noun:** extremely cold in temperature; excessively stiff or formal behavior <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //frigidus// = "cold, chill, cool," “Over the Top: The True…” p900 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">imperial __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective:** outstanding in size or quality <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">O.Fr. //imperial// = "having a commanding quality" “The Story of an Eyewitness” p410 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">lurid __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective:** glowing with the glare of fire through a haze; sensationalism, ghastly <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //luridus// = "pale yellow, ghastly" “The Story of an Eyewitness” __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">vigilantly __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adverb:** alert and watchful <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //vigilantia// = "wakefulness" “Letter From New Orleans: Leaving Desire” p419

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 3 ** __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">improprieties __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **noun**: behavior that is dishonest or socially unacceptable [|**//im//-**]<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> variant of in- before -b-, -m-, -p-, in the sense of "not" + //propriety// = "appropriateness" <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“Position on Dodgeball in Physical Education” p1004 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">reiterate __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** to repeat <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //re-// "again" + //iterare// "to repeat" <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“Position on Dodgeball in Physical Education” p1004 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">annihilate __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** to completely destroy <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L.L) //annihilare =// "to reduce to nothing," from L. //ad-// "to" + //nihil// "nothing" <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“Position on Dodgeball in Physical Education” p1004 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">commune __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **nonu:** [|**a**] [|**group**] [|**of**] [|**people**] [|**who**] [|**live**] [|**together**] [|**and**] [|**share**] [|**work**] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**,** <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[|**food**] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**,**  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[|**income**] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">**,**  <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[|**and**] [|**possessions**] ( M.Fr.) //commune// ="free city, group of citizens" (12c.), from (L.) //communis// = "that which is common," <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">“The Weak Shall Inherit the Gym” p1008 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">embodied __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** to represent a quality or an idea exactly <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ref. to a soul or spirit invested with a physical form; of principles, ideas, etc., from //en-// "in" + [|//**body**//]<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” p1030 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">conceded __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb**: to acknowledge, often reluctantly, as something being true; to admit <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //concedere// = "give way, yield, go away, depart, retire," figuratively "agree, consent, give precedence," (L) //com//- before -c-, -d-, -j-, -n-, -q-, -s-, -t-, -v- assimilated to //con- <span style="color: #00ff00; font-size: 12pt; lineheight: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; marginbottom: 10pt; marginleft: 0in; marginright: 0in; margintop: 0in;">﻿ // with, together, very (Cindi) <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> “ <span style="color: #000000; font-size: 12pt; lineheight: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; marginbottom: 10pt; marginleft: 0in; marginright: 0in; margintop: 0in;">What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” p1030 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">duplicate __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective**: exact copy of an original <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L) //duplicare =// "to double," from //duo// "two" + //plicare// "to fold" <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“First Americans” p1026

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 4 ** __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">unconventional __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective:** out of the ordinary; not doing the expected; going against tradition <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">( L.) //un// = “not” + //conventionem;// following tradition; “Appreciating Poetry” p604 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-style: normal;">famished __ <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">– **adjective:** extremely hungry; ravenous; starving <span style="color: #333333; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">( L) //fames// 'hunger' “Barbara Frietchie” p290 <span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">invariably – **adverb:** always; unchanging //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">in //<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> = “not” + ( <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">L.) //variabilis =// "changeable" “Harriet Tubman:…” p268 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">incomprehensible __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective:** not easily understood; impossible to believe <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">//in-// = “not” +(L.) //comphrehendere// = easily understood “Harriet Tubman:…” p268 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-style: normal;">commendation __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-style: normal;">– **noun:** an award that praises <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">L. //commendationem// = “expression of approval” “To Harriet Tubman from…” p278 __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-style: normal;">countenance __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-style: normal;"> – **noun:** appearance, usually based on facial features <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">Meaning evolving M.E. from "appearance" to "facial expression betraying a state of mind," to "face" itself “The Mysterious Mr. Lincoln” p282

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif'; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">Unit 5 ** __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">emigrated __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** to move from one country to another for the purpose of living there <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L.) //emigrare// "move away, depart from a place," from //ex-// "out" + //migrare// "to move” <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"> “The Diary of Anne Frank” p508     __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">conspicuous __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">– **adjective:** obvious; easily noticed     <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; line-height: 115%;">(L) <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">//com-// =“with, together”= <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">before //-c-, -d-, -j-, -n-, -q-, -s-, -t-, -v-// assimilated to //con-// <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif;">+ //specere// “to look at” “The Diary of Anne Frank” p508 <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">mercurial – adjective: volatile; not steady in temperament; unpredictable moods <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">late 14c., "pertaining to the planet Mercury" meaning "sprightly, volatile, quick," the supposed qualities of those born under the planet Mercury, probably partially by association with quicksilver “The Diary of Anne Frenk” p508 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">commandments __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **noun:** orders; ten rules given to the Israelites by God <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">( O.Fr.) //comandement// = "order, command” “The Diary of Anne Frank” p508  __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">menacing __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **adjective:** threatening danger or peril  <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L.) //minaciæ =// "threatening things" “The Hitchhiker” p92

**<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Unit 6 ** __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">perturbed __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** to make someone uneasy, worried, or anxious <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(L.) //per-// + a, //to throw into disorder// (from, //confusion//) “Pandora’s Box” p474 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">ensnared __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **verb:** caught; trapped <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">//en// = “make, put in” + //snare// = ( <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">O.N.) //snara// "noose, snare” “Pandora’s Box” p474  __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">banished __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"> – **verb:** to force someone or something to leave; expelled  <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">(O.Fr.) //banir// " = “ forbid; banish, proclaim an outlaw" “The Wise Old Woman” p490  __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">commotion __<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> – **noun:** a disturbance <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';">//com-// <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Georgia','serif';"> "together," or "thoroughly" + //movere// "to move" “The Wise Old Woman” p490 <span style="color: #00ff00; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; marginbottom: 10pt; marginleft: 0in; marginright: 0in; margintop: 0in;">